Cell Theory came about in 1839 with Matthias Schleiden when he described cells as the building blocks for all living organisms. Another paper followed written by Theodor Schwann in 1839 also indicating this. In 1880 Eduard Strasburger drew a living plant cell dividing. These observations lead to Cell Theory as we know it today.
THE CELL THEORY : 1. all living things are made up of cells & the products of those cells 2. all cells carry out their own life functions 3. new cells come from other living cells
Life Functions:
Excretion, Growth, Respiration, Digestion, Reproduction, Regulation, Metabolism, Circulation
Cell Wall - Rigid structure surrounding plant cells, not present in animal cells
Plasma (Cell) Membrane - Outer boundary of the cell
Cytoplasm - Watery solution inside the cell
Cytoskeleton - Structure of the cell that allows the proteins and other molecules guidelines to move.
Vacuole - Water filled part of the cell that may represent up to 90% of the total plant cell - also contains ions, sugars, secondary metabolites and enzymes
Chloroplast - Site of Photosynthesis. Was once a bacteria that entered the cell. Has it's own DNA.
Mitochrondrian - Energy producing organelle - respiration. Was once a bacteria that entered the cell. Has it's own DNA.
Ribosomes - site of protein synthesis
Endoplasmic Reticulum - covered in ribisomes - where cell membrane components are made. Materials destined for export from the cell are also made here.
Golgi Apparatus - Stacks of flattened membrane enclosed sacs - receives and modifies molecules made in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Lysosomes - where intracellular digestion occurs releasing nutrients from food. Also where unwanted molecules are broken down for recycling or excretion.
Peroxisomes - where hydrogen peroxide is kept, which would be dangerous for the cell.
Nucleus - contains the genetic information of the cell
Nuclear envelope - double membrane surrounding the nucleus
Perinuclear space - space between the two membranes of the nuclear envelope
Nucleolus - site of ribosome synthesis - densely granular
Plant Cell Diagram
Chromatin - DNA-Protein Complex
Golgi Body - synthesis and secretion of polysaccharides
Chloroplast - Site of Photosynthesis Granum (Grana) - stacked thyalkoid membranes Stroma - fluid matrix surrounding the thylakoids Thylakoid - Membrane found in the chloroplast
Intercellular air space - gap between cells
Middle lamella- protein rich cement between adjacent plant cell walls Primary Cell Wall - earliest created cell walls - usually thin - found in young growing cells Secondary Cell Wall - Formed in older cells as part of the differentiation process
THE CELL THEORY :
1. all living things are made up of cells & the products of those cells
2. all cells carry out their own life functions
3. new cells come from other living cells
Life Functions:
Excretion, Growth, Respiration, Digestion, Reproduction, Regulation, Metabolism, Circulation
Cells Alive
PLANT CELLS - Eukaryotic
Cell Wall - Rigid structure surrounding plant cells, not present in animal cells
Plasma (Cell) Membrane - Outer boundary of the cell
Cytoplasm - Watery solution inside the cell
Cytoskeleton - Structure of the cell that allows the proteins and other molecules guidelines to move.
Vacuole - Water filled part of the cell that may represent up to 90% of the total plant cell - also contains ions, sugars, secondary metabolites and enzymes
Chloroplast - Site of Photosynthesis. Was once a bacteria that entered the cell. Has it's own DNA.
Mitochrondrian - Energy producing organelle - respiration. Was once a bacteria that entered the cell. Has it's own DNA.
Ribosomes - site of protein synthesis
Endoplasmic Reticulum - covered in ribisomes - where cell membrane components are made. Materials destined for export from the cell are also made here.
Golgi Apparatus - Stacks of flattened membrane enclosed sacs - receives and modifies molecules made in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Lysosomes - where intracellular digestion occurs releasing nutrients from food. Also where unwanted molecules are broken down for recycling or excretion.
Peroxisomes - where hydrogen peroxide is kept, which would be dangerous for the cell.
Nucleus - contains the genetic information of the cell
Nuclear envelope - double membrane surrounding the nucleus
Perinuclear space - space between the two membranes of the nuclear envelope
Nucleolus - site of ribosome synthesis - densely granular
Chromatin - DNA-Protein Complex
Golgi Body - synthesis and secretion of polysaccharides
Chloroplast - Site of Photosynthesis
Granum (Grana) - stacked thyalkoid membranes
Stroma - fluid matrix surrounding the thylakoids
Thylakoid - Membrane found in the chloroplast
Intercellular air space - gap between cells
Middle lamella- protein rich cement between adjacent plant cell walls
Primary Cell Wall - earliest created cell walls - usually thin - found in young growing cells
Secondary Cell Wall - Formed in older cells as part of the differentiation process
Oleosome - Oil lipid storage (seeds)
Tonoplast - Membrane surrounding the Vacuole
Answers
Cell Lab
Onion Cells
3-D Cell Model